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Valérand Poullain
Valérand Poullain (Pollanus, Pullanus) (1509?-1557) was a French Calvinist minister.〔http://www.csph.ca/papers/2009%20Dr.%20Whytock%27s%20Paper.pdf〕 In a troubled career as minister, he was pastor to a congregation of Flemish or Walloon weavers brought to South-west England around 1548.〔http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bcp/Procter&Frere/ch4.htm〕
==Life==
He was originally from Lille. He was willing to replace the martyred Pierre Brully at the Strasburg church, in 1544-5. But there was local opposition from other local reformers, who found him unreasonable, notably Johannes Sturm. Poullain failed to gain the position from a short-list of five, all of whom were required to preach in front of a committee including Sturm, Immanuel Tremellius, and Peter Martyr, supported by Martin Bucer and others. He shortly left the city for a teaching position at Romberg,〔Philippe Denis, ''Les églises d'étrangers en pays rhénans, 1538-1564'' (1984), pp. 72-4. (On Google Books. )〕 being succeeded as pastor by Pierre Alexandre and then shortly by Jean Garnier.〔René Bornert, ''La réforme protestante du culte à Strasbourg au XVIe siècle'' (1981), p. 194. (On Google Books. )〕
Poullain owed his invitation to England to Jan Utenhove. He was in Canterbury, working with a French refugee congregation, around 1547.〔〔https://archive.org/stream/historyoffrenchw00burn/historyoffrenchw00burn_djvu.txt〕 The weavers he brought occupied the building of the dissolved Glastonbury Abbey from 1551 to 1554, initially under the auspices of Lord Protector Somerset, and using a Protestant liturgy of Poullain's devising.〔http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=117175〕 Poullain was probably an influence on the liturgy in the ''Book of Common Prayer'' of Edward VI.〔http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Book_of_Common_Prayer〕〔http://www.lectionarystudies.com/pbhistory.html〕〔Diarmaid MacCulloch, ''Cranmer'' (1996), pp.505-6.〕 After the accession of Mary I of England Poullain left England with some 24 of his weavers, going to Wesel, and then Frankfurt. He became acquainted with John Foxe there; but a move to Basel led to his appearance before a matrimonial court in a case concerning his disputed betrothal.〔http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/johnfoxe/apparatus/greengrassessay.html〕〔He is said to have married in 1547 a sister of the wife of John Hooper.()〕
Later, in 1556, Poullain was in charge of a quarrelsome French refugee congregation at Frankfurt. Jean Calvin himself had to intervene: Poullain was cleared of allegations against him, but had to resign his position,〔Wulfert De Greef, ''The Writings of John Calvin: an introductory guide'' (2008), p. 47. (On Google Books. )〕 and Calvin questioned his judgement.〔https://archive.org/stream/johncalvinhisli01reybgoog#page/n266/mode/2up〕
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